





 
   
   

   
  
  
   

  
 
    
     
      

  

   






  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 


 
  
      
   
 
      
 
    

  
    


  
    

pre - decision 
   
post decision

COSO  Committee of sponsoring
Organizations ) COSO 
COSO  
Control Environment





Risk Assessment




 3  ( Control Activities )
 10 
 11 
 12 
 4  ( Information and Communication )
 13 
 14 
 
Monitoring Activities

 

 

Pressure/Incentive 
Opportunity  
Rationalization Fraud
Triangle


 
 

 


Opportunity

- 
- 
-  

.
 








 

 
- 

    
  

- 
- 
-  

Risk Identification
  





 
known factor Unknown factor
known factor
 

Unknown factor
 






 




known factor Unknown factor



known factor
Unknown factor




- 

- 


 




 

    
  
 2  (  )
7.3 
/  (  
 )  2    1 3
 1 3   
  
-  Must 
  must   3  2
-     should 
   should  1
  
-   stakeholder  
  2  3
-    financial  2  3
-   customer / user  2  3
-  internal process 
  learning & growth  1  2
SCORING 























 


7.4 
  3  
  3  
 :  / 

 :    / 
  
 :   
/ 
 4  


 
















 


















-


-





























-









 




